Later, Sputnik V and the Moderna vaccine was approved for emergency use too. India began its vaccination programme on 16 January 2021 with AstraZeneca vaccine (Covishield) and the indigenous Covaxin. This number fell to 21,530 in March 2022. By 23 December 2021, India had 78,190 active cases which was lowest in 573 days. Experts stated that the virus may reach an endemic stage in India rather than completely disappear in late August 2021, Soumya Swaminathan said India may be in some stage of endemicity where the country learns to live with the virus. On 30 April 2021, it became the first country to report over 400,000 new cases in a 24-hour period. By late April, India led the world in new and active cases.
A second wave beginning in March 2021 was much more devastating than the first, with shortages of vaccines, hospital beds, oxygen cylinders and other medical supplies in parts of the country. Daily cases peaked mid-September with over 90,000 cases reported per-day, dropping to below 15,000 in January 2021. Infection rates started to drop in September. Lockdowns were announced in Kerala on 23 March, and in the rest of the country on 25 March. The first cases of COVID-19 in India were reported on 30 January 2020 in three towns of Kerala, among three Indian medical students who had returned from Wuhan, the epicenter of the pandemic.
The figure is similar to other estimates of Indian Covid deaths, but Indian authorities have rejected these estimates and questioned the methodology used. In May 2022, the World Health Organization reported the number of Covid deaths in India to be an estimated 4.7 million mainly during a surge in May - June 2021, a figure that is almost 10 times the Indian government's estimate and nearly a third of the estimated global Covid deaths. As of 28 August 2022, according to Indian government figures, India has the second-highest number of confirmed cases in the world (after the United States of America) with 44,408,132 reported cases of COVID-19 infection and the third-highest number of COVID-19 deaths (after the United States and Brazil) at 527,754 deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic in India is a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2).
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